Critical Thinking: International Trade Theories 

In a critical essay, discuss at least two trade theories that can explain Saudi Arabia’s international trade. Analyze their main insights and challenges. Are they good predictors of trade patterns? What implications does the Saudi Vision 2030 have on international trade?

Directions:

• Your essay is required      to be four to five pages in length, which does not include the title page      and reference pages, which are never a part of the content minimum      requirements.
• Support your      submission with course material concepts, principles, and theories from      the textbook and at least three scholarly,      peer-reviewed journal articles. Use the      Saudi Digital Library to find your resources.
• Use Saudi Electronic      University academic writing standards and follow APA style guidelines.
• It is strongly      encouraged that you submit all assignments into Turnitin prior to      submitting them to your instructor for grading. If you are unsure how to      submit an assignment into the Originality Check tool, review the      Turnitin—Student Guide for step-by-step instructions.

Required reading (References) :

• Chapter 3 in International Economics (attached) 
• Alkhathlan, K., Alkhateeb, T., Mahmood, H., & Bindabel, W. (2020). Concentration of oil sector or diversification in Saudi economy: consequences on growth sustainability.  Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 7(4), 3369-3384. Retrieved from https://jssidoi.org/jesi/uploads/articles/28/Alkhathlan_Concentration_of_oil_sector_or_diversification_in_Saudi_economy_consequences_on_growth_sustainability.pdf
• Devarajan, S. (2020). Has globalization gone too far- or not far enough? Georgetown Journal of International Affairs, 21, 114-119. Retrieved from https://muse.jhu.edu/article/766379/pdf
• Haque, M. (2020). Assessing the progress of exports diversification in Saudi Arabia: growth-share matrix approach. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 18(3), 118-128. Retrieved from https://doi-org.sdl.idm.oclc.org/10.21511/ppm.18(3).2020.10
• www. investopedia. com

I’m working on a economics question and need an explanation and answer to help me learn.

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I’m working on a economics question and need an explanation and answer to help me learn.

paper over Robert Marks, “ The origins of the modern World.

Specific Questions:
1. Using the information provided in the case and the template provided, what are your
earnings forecasts over the ten-year period which includes a fast growth period and a
transition period to constant growth?

Back end and front end project as I explained with all the information that I sent. Important note it’s not allowed to use anything from online except the provided links.

This project requires you to develop a back-end Node JS server application using the Express library and a front-end React application.

1- While you typically would want a separate repository for the front and back end projects, for ease, here you will create both projects within a single repository. (Since I will run both on the same computer, this will be fine). Call the front end project folder frontend (patterned off of the react-consumer-notes project) and the back end project folder backend (patterned off of the node-authentication-api-privs project). I should be able to spin both up using the two commands npm install and npm start in each each folder.

2- Call your database mongodb://localhost:27017/youre_name (in the database.config.js file) with your own first initial and last name rather than pies

3- In the back-end application, keep both the auth.js and note.routes.js routes as well as all of the controllers, models, and config Javascript files. For practice, require all of the router.API calls (with API being all the post/get/put/delete requests) in the note.routes.js to use the middleware.verify middleware to require token authorization to use. You are to show that you are able to use all of the calls to the routes for this, namely signup and login to create and get the token, then each of the five router.API calls, using Postman. The latter calls should show the headers with the Basic Authorization showing along with the request and response, with you providing a screenshot for each. Please call these signup.png, login.png, post.png, put.png, delete.png, get all.png, and get one.png. You should make sure that you have at least two notes showing so that I can distinguish the get all.png, and get one.png differences. Note that for this part of the project, I will ONLY be grading your PNG files and will not try to run this part of the project myself, so please do not miss any of the seven images.

4-To your backend project, keeping all files from the above part of the project in your application, create your own model, controller, and routes files of your own. Simply add them all to the project folders. Your model must have at least five fields of which two must be different from strings. That is in addition to the time fields auto-created by the app. For your own routes, you are NOT to use the middleware.verify middleware.

5- Research how to make POST requests using CURL to populate your database with data. In the root folder of your backend project (where the server.js file is), you are to have a script file called populate that has the POST requests in there for me to run to populate your database on my system. You must have at least four records entered into your database (and hence, four CURL requests) this way.

6- Using the fake-prototypes example in the react-examples in the class repository as a template, in your frontend project, develop code that will consume your data from your back-end application. You should also use the react-consumer-notes project in the node-react-example folder in the class repository to guide you. Again, note that you do NOT need to use any authorization tokens for this part. (NOTE: While this is unfortunate, there is actually a considerable amount of material needed to do this correctly with authorization and authentication; however, doing this part of the project without it should still give you some practice in connecting the front and back end components together). You will only need to have one page show for this part of the project, the one showing all your data nicely designed with bootstrap and react-bootstrap. Please take a screenshot of the page and call it react frontend.png. This will be important if there are problems with getting your applications running on my laptop!

7- You must use PropTypes in your React app. 

Discussion Topic # 2

Unemployment

A country’s economic performance is measured using three key indicators, one of which is the unemployment rate. When adults who are willing and able to work cannot find a job, it may be a sign that an economy is producing less than it could. On the other hand, unemployment is also a natural phenomenon that even healthy economies experience. While the official unemployment rate is helpful in representing the state of a nation’s workforce, it does have some shortcomings that should be considered, such as excluding discouraged workers.

There are three types of unemployment that economists describe: frictional, structural, and cyclical. During recessions and expansions, the amount of cyclical unemployment changes. Cyclical unemployment is closely related to the business cycle, and causes the deviations of the current rate of unemployment away from the natural rate of unemployment.

The labor force participation rate (LFPR)

The labor force participation rate (LFPR) is another measure of labor market activity in the economy. The LFPR is the percentage of the adult population that is in the labor force. The labor force includes everyone who is either employed or unemployed. The adult population is defined as anyone who is over the age of 16 who potentially could be part of the labor force. Anyone who is less than 16 years old, is in the military, or is institutionalized is not considered to be potentially part of the labor force and is excluded from this calculation.

When people enter the labor force the LFPR increases, and when people exit the labor force the LFPR decreases. A decrease in the LFPR that occurs at the same time as a decrease in the unemployment rate can signal that there are more discouraged workers.

Limitations of the unemployment rate

The unemployment rate as it is measured officially is often criticized for understating the level of joblessness because it excludes anyone working at all or people who aren’t looking for work. In particular, the official unemployment rate leaves out discouraged workers and the underemployed. People who have given up looking for work because they are convinced that they cannot find jobs are considered discouraged workers. Some people are counted as employed because they are working part-time, even though they really want full-time work.

Three types of unemployment

Economists primarily focus on three types of unemployment: cyclical, frictional, and structural. Cyclical unemployment is the unemployment associated with the ups and downs of the business cycle. During recessions, cyclical unemployment increases and drives up the unemployment rate. During expansions, cyclical unemployment decreases and drives down the unemployment rate.

The natural rate of unemployment

The natural rate of unemployment (NRU) is the unemployment rate that exists when the economy produces full-employment real output. NRU is equal to the sum of frictional and structural unemployment. When an economy is producing an efficient amount of output (meaning it is operating on its PPC), the unemployment rate will be equal to the natural rate of unemployment. Even though an economy may be operating efficiently, there will still be some unemployment. Because of that, the natural rate of unemployment is never equal to zero.

Changes in the natural rate of unemployment (NRU)

The natural rate of unemployment (NRU) can gradually change over time due to events such as changes in labor force characteristics. The NRU can change due to changes in structural and frictional unemployment. For example, a firm may want to hire fewer workers because the skills of those workers are not needed as much as they used to be. That will cause more structural unemployment, and the natural rate of unemployment will increase.

Discussion Topic # 2

Explain with relevant data sources from https://www.statista.com/statistics/262524/unemployment-rate-in-saudi-arabia/ .

If a decrease in the unemployment rate isn’t necessarily a sign of an improving.

Important: After you are done, I will send you two posts of my classmates and you are required to reply to their responses . Your replies need to be substantial and constructive in nature. No plagiarism, no match please. This discussion should be via Microsoft Word document using times New Roman (size 12, double-spaced) font.

Instructions

International trade can have big effects on domestic markets. For both an import good and an export good (in other words, address each bulleted item below twice—once for import and once for export), describe how opening up to international trade affects the following:

• supply or demand for the particular good,
• the competitiveness of that good’s market, and
• how the change in competitiveness affects equilibrium price and quantity.

Stepping away from the import/export examples, describe how opening up to trade specifically affects a domestic monopoly. Include an explanation, using game theory, of how even a single additional competitor can lead to a market outcome similar to perfect competition.

Your essay must be at least three pages in length (not counting the title and references pages) and include at least three peer-reviewed resources. Adhere to APA Style when writing your essay, including citations and references for sources used. Be sure to include an introduction. Please note that no abstract is needed.

If you need help identifying peer-reviewed publications, review the CSU Online Library resources Peer-Reviewed Resources and video How to Find Peer-Reviewed Resources (Transcript for Peer-Reviewed Resources video).

Resources

The following resource(s) may help you with this assignment.

• Citation Guide
• CSU Online Library Research Guide
• Submit Writing Center Request

Complete the Chapter 9 Mini-case on page 411 in your textbook. After reading the case, you will complete questions A through D only. In addition to your textbook, please provide at least two scholarly sources to support your answers.

References must come from sources such as scholarly journals found in EBSCOhost or on Google Scholar, government websites and publications, reputable news media (e.g. CNN , The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times) websites and publications, etc. Sources such as Wikis, Yahoo Answers, eHow, blogs, etc. are not acceptable for academic writing.

I’m working on a international economics discussion question and need support to help me learn.

Select a country of your choice and observe the last balance of payments issued by that country. Does the country run a current account deficit or surplus? What are the driving factors for the deficit or surplus? What policies should the government implement to improve the external position of the country?