This chapter described the important role played in supply chains by logistics service providers (LSPs). We discussed the various, and overlapping, types of LSPs and noted in particular the growth of a category of LSPs called 3PLs; the latter we described as LSPs who generally offer multiple logistics services, often in an integrated fashion. We then considered the raft of different services which such 3PLs actually provide, with transportation/delivery being just one of the many services offered. The concept of fourth‐party logistics was then explored and we noted the reality that in many instances it is actually 3PLs that often offer 4PL® type solutions.
The issue of LSP responsibilities was next explored and we looked at the important role played by the bill of lading in international transportation. The issue of who has responsibility for what at different stages in the supply chain is an important one and we considered the role that Incoterms can play in clarifying this.
How consignors go about selecting LSPs and services was explored – topics we will return to in later chapters when we look at costs in the supply chain (Chapter 12) and logistics decision making (Chapter 17).
